![]() ![]() The ABiF Study will thus generate a valuable resource for future investigations into the etiology of bipolar affective disorder in particular the causes of high disease loading within multiply affected families. The aim of the follow-up investigation is to generate: (i) longitudinal clinical data (ii) results from detailed neuropsychological assessments and (iii) a more extensive collection of biomaterials for future molecular biological studies. ![]() The ongoing second phase of the project commenced in 2013, and involves follow-up of a subgroup of the originally recruited families. In the initial 1997–2003 study phase, 100 multiplex bipolar disorder and other mood disorder families were recruited. However, insight into the genetic underpinnings of the disorder in these families remains limited. The cohort has since contributed to a number of key genetic findings, as reported in international journals. This longitudinal investigation of families from Andalusia, Spain commenced in 1997 with the aim of elucidating the molecular genetic causes of bipolar affective disorder. This work highlights the need to understand mudflow processes and their consequences in arid environments to improve urban planning and mitigate future damages since their impacts strongly affect infrastructures and communities.Here, we present the first description of the Andalusian Bipolar Family (ABiF) Study. On the other hand, once the very fine grain sediments of the top of the deposit dried up, it increased the concentration of post-event suspension particulate matter, causing a health issue. Results indicate that the greatest probability of building damage is generated by the accumulation of sediments instead of by the flow depth. The post-event survey carried out by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning (MINVU) was used for the development of fragility curves that allows modelling the probability of damage. The rheological (velocity, density and flow regime) and sedimentary features of the flow reveal the occurrence of massive mudflows that infilled the space available inside the buildings, buried the streets with a sandy mud deposit of more than 30 cm medium thickness and collapsed the sewer network. ![]() A large volume of water mixed with fine sediments overflowed the tributary channel generating a flood that affected 72% of the urban area. This work analyses the features of this catastrophic flood and relates them with the identified impacts. One of the most affected cities was Copiapó (northern Chile) located downstream of the junction between the Copiapó river and its ephemeral tributary Quebrada Paipote. The March 2015 extraordinary hydrometeorological event in the Andes cordillera caused severe floods in the southern Atacama Desert. ![]()
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